| By :
Roger Brown
It is well documented that even small wind turbines kill birds. The reasons why are still a bit unclear. It has been noted that up to 30-40 birds and bats are injured or killed every year for each wind turbine. What is exactly the problem? There are a number of pieces to the wind turbine puzzle that cause the deaths although it is not clear why the birds get near with the turbines. The problems occur when the bird crash into turning blades, towers, and their infrastructure, such as guy wires. Larger birds are especially vulnerable. The main culprit is of course large wind turbines but the structures that support even small wind turbines can be a problem. These large birds live in areas where wind turbines are constructed and winds are highest. Part of the problem too, is caused by the fog that is seen on most mountain ridges where wind turbines are mounted. The fog can obscure vision for the birds and they don\'t see the turbines and the peripheral devices. They run into the equipment and are injured or killed. The parts of a tower assembly as well as the power delivery wires are most of the problem. Also, since large wind turbines have enormous rotor blades, they can also be a target of migratory birds. What is the recommended solution by the wind industry? The wind turbine industry has recommended that rotor systems have longer blades but have them turn slower so the birds can get out of the way. The problem with that is the tip speeds of large turbines can still be over 100 mph, still producing a direct threat to birds and bats. It has also been suggested too that the wind turbine industry move from lattice-work towers where the birds tend to roost to solid towers. Is other wildlife injured as well? Yes, in remote locations, other wildlife like bears and deer are displaced when a wind turbine is located there. It is interesting to speculate about why the birds are attracted to these structures. Since windmills are not indigenous to their areas, it would seem that they would be afraid to get anywhere near them. Speculation is that the rhythmic nature and sound of the rotor and assembly is attracting them to the wind turbines. What does the future hold? Practically speaking, it will be impossible for the industry to guarantee that no birds will be injured or killed in the making of wind power. How about for small wind turbine manufacturers? While the industry can do its best to keep the birds away, the need for electricity will likely take precedence over their safety.
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